With the latest Finish
National Climate and Energy Strategy (2008), the Government states that the objectives proposed by the EU for Finland regarding the reduction
of emissions, promotion of renewable energy, or enhancing the efficiency of
energy consumption, cannot be attained without new, prominent climate and
energy policy measures.
The main focus of the strategy lies in the guidelines
up to 2020, and the measures they require. Furthermore, visions up to 2050 have
been presented in order to emphasise the long-term nature of climate and energy
policy.
The objectives set by the Government for Finland
entails halting and reversing the growth in final energy consumption so that,
in 2020, final energy consumption is approximately 310 TWh
(over 10% less than the strategyÕs baseline). The longer-term vision entails a
further decrease in final energy consumption by 2050 of at least one third of
the 2020 quantity. In order to attain these objectives, the efficiency of
energy consumption must be enhanced, particularly in housing, construction and
transport.
Renewable energy projections according to the
National Renewable Energy Action Plan for Finland
The National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP) for
Finland was submitted in July 2010. The target according to Annex I of
Directive 2009/28/EC is 38% for the year 2020 and the projected NREAP share in
that year exactly matches the target. According to the projection, the
most important contribution in the year 2020 is expected from biomass
(renewable heating and cooling) (6610 ktoe, 62% of
all renewable energy). Second important contribution is expected from
hydropower (14.4 TWh or 1239 ktoe,
12% of all renewable energy). The third largest contribution is from biomass
(renewable electricity) (12.9 TWh or 1110 ktoe, 10% of all renewable energy).
Wind power contributes with 2.5 GW (6.1 TWh). For solar photovoltaic the 2020 contribution is
projected to be 10 MW. For solar thermal the 2020 contribution is
projected to be 0 ktoe. The two most important
biofuels are projected to contribute 430 ktoe
(biodiesel) and 130 ktoe (bioethanol / bio-ETBE) by
2020. The renewable electricity production from solid biomass amounts to 7.9 TWh (676 ktoe) and for biogas it
is expected to be 0.3 TWh (23 ktoe).
The consumption of renewable heat is expected to amount to 3940 ktoe for solid biomass and 60 ktoe
for biogas.
Renewable transport fuels: biofuels
The draft law on promoting the use of biofuels in
transport was approved as proposed on 13 April 2007, and entered into force on
1 January 2008. The law obliges distributors of transport fuels to supply a
minimum volume of biofuels annually for consumption. This minimum volume
increases year-on-year so that in 2008 it will be at least 2% of the total
energy content of biofuels, petrol and diesel supplied for consumption by a
fuel distributor. In 2009 this share will be at least 4% and in 2010 and
subsequent years it will be at least 5.75%, satisfying the reference figure for
2010 in Directive 2003/30/EC.
On 30 December 2010, the President approved an act
amending the current and aforementioned act on promoting the use of biofuels in
traffic. The new act entered into force in 2011 and the biofuel distribution
obligation has now increased from 4 to 6 % for 2011–2014, followed by a
phased increase to 20 per cent by 2020.
In the spring of 2007 Tekes, the Finish Agency for
Technology and Innovation, launched the technology
programme "BioRefine - New Biomass
products". The programme will run from 2007 to 2012 and it has a total
budget of EUR 137 million. The programme's specific objective is to
significantly promote the development of second-generation biofuel production
technology. The programme is also intended, among other things, to cover energy
production as a by-product of biofuel production and bioenergy production
associated with industrial processes in general.
Future programme changes expected
No information available.
Sources
Jussi Heinimö: IEA Bioenergy
Task 40 ÒSustainable
International Bioenergy Trade: Se-curing
supply and demandÓ Country report of Finland 2008, Lappeenranta
University of Tech-nology,
Department of Energy and Environmental Technology,
Research Report EN-A 57, ISBN 978-952-214-613-7, August 2008
Ministry of Employment and
the Economy, www.tem.fi (sourced
August 2008)
Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation,
www.tekes.fi (sourced August 2008)
Motiva Oy, www.motiva.fi (sourced August 2008)
Report of the Finish Ministry of Trade and Industry persuant to Directive 2003/30/EC on the promotion of the use of biofuels or other renewable fuels for transport in Finland, April 2007
Directive 2009/28/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009
on the promotion of the use of energy
from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC (Entry into force on June 25th,
2009), download from
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009L0028:EN:NOT
Renewable Energy Projections
as Published in the National Renewable
Energy Action Plans of the European Member States, http://www.ecn.nl/nreap (sourced
December 2010)
Interactive EurObservÕER
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